The dyskinetic cilia syndrome. Ciliary motility in immotile cilia syndrome

Ciliary motility was studied in three patients with Kartagener syndrome who had previously been found to have absent nasal and pulmonary mucociliary transport and missing dynein arms in nasal cilia. A video system was used to record movement of cilia obtained by nasal brushings for analysis of wave form and beat frequency. Two patterns of abnormal ciliary beat were observed; an oscillating and a rotating type of motion. There was no evidence of planar coordination of metachronicity. This abnormal motion was present in up to 40 percent of cells and the remainder were totally immotile. Thus, in Kartagener syndrome many ciliated cells are motile, but the motion is abnormal. We suggest that "immotile cilia syndrome" is a misnomer, and recommended it be renamed "dyskinetic cilia syndrome."