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Dermatoglyphics in Cuban mongols.

L Borbolla, D Guerra, J Bacallao

    Acta Paediatrica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Dermatoglyphic patterns in individuals with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) show distinct differences in finger and palm prints compared to normal individuals. These unique patterns are consistent across ethnic groups, suggesting a strong genetic basis for Down syndrome dermatoglyphics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Genetics
    • Dermatoglyphics
    • Human Biology

    Background:

    • Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder associated with characteristic physical features.
    • Dermatoglyphics, the study of skin patterns, has been used to investigate genetic conditions.
    • Previous studies have identified dermatoglyphic variations in individuals with Down syndrome, but ethnic influences require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To statistically compare dermatoglyphic patterns between Cuban individuals with Down syndrome and normal Cuban individuals.
    • To identify specific dermatoglyphic markers associated with Down syndrome.
    • To assess the influence of ethnicity on these dermatoglyphic patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • Statistical comparison of finger and palm prints from 220 Cuban individuals with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and 400 normal Cuban individuals.

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  • Analysis of finger ridge patterns, palm creases, and specific dermatoglyphic features such as fingertip loops, thenar/I area patterns, hypothenar patterns, interdigital patterns, axial triradius position, atd angles, main-line index, C and D line types, simian crease, Sydney line, and parathenar patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • Individuals with Down syndrome exhibited an excess of ulnar loops on the 2nd and 3rd fingers and radial loops on the 4th and 5th fingers.
    • A paucity of patterns was observed in the thenar/I area, with more hypothenar true patterns (especially ulnar loops).
    • Increased pattern frequencies were noted in the II and III interdigital spaces, with fewer true patterns in the IV interdigital space. Distal positioning of the axial triradius, large atd angles (>70 degrees), high main-line index values, a predominance of the radial type C line, and higher frequencies of D line type 11 were also found. Parathenar patterns were significantly more frequent in patients. The simian crease showed higher diagnostic value than the Sydney line.

    Conclusions:

    • The dermatoglyphic patterns observed in Cuban individuals with Down syndrome are consistent with findings in other populations.
    • Specific dermatoglyphic features, including finger ridge patterns, palm creases, and axial triradius characteristics, serve as significant markers for Down syndrome.
    • Ethnic influences do not appear to significantly alter the characteristic dermatoglyphic profile associated with Down syndrome.