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Donor to host transmission of disease via corneal transplantation
Abstract:
A literature search was conducted to report all cases of documented transmission of infectious diseases from donors to recipients of corneal transplants. Fourteen such cases have been reported. There is no experimental or clinical evidence to suggest the transmissions of either hepatitis or syphilis via corneal grafting. Available evidence regarding a number of neurologic and other disorders in which a slow virus etiology has been implicated were reviewed. On the basis of this review, we are able to draw certain conclusions and guidelines for selection or rejection of donor material for transplant surgery.
Insights
Documented infectious disease transmission via corneal transplants is rare, with only 14 cases reported. Hepatitis and syphilis are not transmitted through corneal grafts, guiding donor selection for safer transplants.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Transplant Surgery
Background:
- Corneal transplantation is a common procedure to restore vision.
- The risk of infectious disease transmission from donor to recipient is a critical concern.
- Previous studies have not comprehensively reviewed documented infectious transmissions in corneal grafts.
Observation:
- A literature search identified 14 reported cases of infectious disease transmission through corneal grafts.
- Hepatitis and syphilis transmission via corneal grafts were investigated.
- Evidence for slow virus etiology in neurologic disorders was reviewed in relation to donor material.
Findings:
- Only 14 cases of documented infectious disease transmission via corneal grafts have been reported.
- No evidence supports the transmission of hepatitis or syphilis through corneal grafting.
- Review of slow virus diseases suggests potential risks but provides guidelines for donor screening.
Implications:
- The findings underscore the low risk of infectious transmission in corneal transplantation.
- Established guidelines for donor selection can minimize the risk of disease transmission.
- Further research into slow virus transmission may refine donor screening protocols for corneal grafts.