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Related Experiment Videos

Depurination causes mutations in SOS-induced cells.

R M Schaaper, L A Loeb

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Apurinic sites in DNA cause loss of biological activity. However, under SOS-induced conditions, bacteria can incorporate nucleotides opposite these sites, increasing mutation frequency.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Apurinic sites, lacking a purine base, are common DNA lesions.
    • These sites can impede DNA replication and lead to mutations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the biological consequences of apurinic sites in DNA.
    • To determine the mutagenic potential of apurinic sites under normal and induced cellular conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Introduction of apurinic sites into phi X174 am3 DNA.
    • Assessing DNA biological activity using transfection assays.
    • Measuring DNA reversion frequency in normal and UV-exposed bacterial spheroplasts.

    Main Results:

    • A single apurinic site in single-stranded DNA was lethal; 3.5 sites per strand were lethal in double-stranded DNA.
    • No increase in reversion frequency was observed in normal spheroplasts.
    • A significant increase in reversion frequency was observed in SOS-induced spheroplasts.

    Conclusions:

    • Apurinic sites act as blocks to DNA replication polymerases.
    • Nucleotide incorporation opposite apurinic sites occurs under SOS-induced conditions.
    • Mutagenesis frequency per apurinic site is significantly higher in SOS-induced cells (1 in 100) compared to normal cells (<1 in 1400).

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