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Saccadic plasticity: parametric adaptive control by retinal feedback.

J M Miller, T Anstis, W B Templeton

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
    |April 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human saccadic gain adaptation shows asymmetry, with larger decreases than increases. Adaptation is faster for a single target than for multiple targets, suggesting localized sensory-motor control.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Ophthalmology
    • Human Motor Control

    Background:

    • Saccades are rapid eye movements crucial for visual exploration.
    • Saccadic gain, the ratio of eye movement to target displacement, can be adapted.
    • Understanding saccadic adaptation informs visual processing and motor control theories.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the adaptive capacity of saccadic gain in humans.
    • To explore the asymmetry between saccadic gain increases and decreases.
    • To examine the effect of training distribution on saccadic adaptation speed and specificity.

    Main Methods:

    • Normal human observers performed refixation saccades with experimentally altered target positions.
    • Eye movements were monitored using diffuse infrared limbus reflection.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Adaptation was trained using single and multiple targets in varying directions and distances.

    • Main Results:

    • Saccadic gain decreases were more complete (60%) than increases (25%), indicating an adaptive asymmetry.
    • Adaptation was significantly faster with a single target (time constant = 6 saccades) compared to distributed training across six targets (time constant = 57 saccades).
    • Gain changes showed limited transfer to other targets, even in the same direction, suggesting localized adaptation.

    Conclusions:

    • The saccadic system exhibits asymmetric adaptation, potentially to prevent overshooting targets.
    • Saccadic plasticity appears to be organized in a spatially specific manner, with individual elements adapting independently.
    • Distributed training slows adaptation, reinforcing the concept of localized sensory-motor control for saccadic eye movements.