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Subjective ratios and differences in perceived heaviness.

S J Rule, D W Curtis, L C Mullin

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
    |April 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Subjective magnitude judgments for weight differences and ratios revealed two distinct perceived relations, not one. This research derived a ratio scale of heaviness from combined subjective ratio and difference estimates.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Psychophysics
    • Sensory Perception

    Background:

    • Previous research suggested a single perceived relation underlies judgments of subjective magnitude for both ratios and differences.
    • Ordinal discrepancies between ratio and difference estimates were observed, prompting further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether subjective magnitude judgments of heaviness ratios and differences are based on one or two distinct perceived relations.
    • To derive a ratio scale of heaviness by combining subjective ratio and difference estimates.

    Main Methods:

    • 15 subjects estimated heaviness differences between pairs of weights.
    • 8 groups of 10 subjects evaluated heaviness ratios relative to standard stimuli.
    • Stimuli were presented on a cube-root scale of weight.

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  • Non-metric analyses were employed to examine scale differences.

    • Main Results:

    • Ordinal discrepancies between ratio and difference estimates were enhanced by specific stimulus scaling.
    • Differences in estimate orders and scales indicated two distinct perceived relations.
    • These relations were ordinally consistent with arithmetic operations for ratios and differences.

    Conclusions:

    • Subjective judgments of heaviness ratios and differences are based on two distinct perceived relations.
    • A unified ratio scale of heaviness can be derived from combined subjective ratio and difference data.