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Moxalactam kinetics in hemodialysis
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|October 1, 1981
Summary
Moxalactam clearance increases with larger dialyzers in patients with end-stage renal disease. This study examined moxalactam kinetics, finding shorter serum half-lives (t1/2) with larger dialyzers during hemodialysis.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacokinetics
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- End-stage renal disease (ESRD) significantly alters drug pharmacokinetics.
- Chronic hemodialysis is a common treatment for ESRD, impacting drug elimination.
- Understanding moxalactam kinetics in ESRD patients is crucial for optimizing antibiotic therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the pharmacokinetics of moxalactam in patients with ESRD undergoing chronic hemodialysis.
- To determine the effect of dialyzer size on moxalactam clearance and half-life.
Main Methods:
- Kinetics of moxalactam were studied in eight ESRD patients on chronic hemodialysis.
- Volume of distribution (Vd), dialysance (Cd), and serum half-life (t1/2) were measured.
- Measurements were taken during dialysis using 1.3 m2 and 1.6 m2 dialyzers, and during the interdialytic period.
Main Results:
- Moxalactam dialysance (Cd) was 32.6 +/- 11.7 ml/min with a 1.3 m2 dialyzer and 67 +/- 25.5 ml/min with a 1.6 m2 dialyzer.
- Serum half-life (t1/2) was 4.8 +/- 0.9 hr with the 1.3 m2 dialyzer and 2.8 +/- 0.6 hr with the 1.6 m2 dialyzer.
- Interdialytic moxalactam t1/2 was significantly longer at 23.4 +/- 9.6 hr.
Conclusions:
- Larger dialyzer surface area (1.6 m2) enhances moxalactam removal during hemodialysis.
- Moxalactam exhibits a prolonged half-life during the interdialytic period in ESRD patients.
- Dialyzer selection is important for achieving adequate moxalactam clearance in hemodialysis patients.