Contextual and sociodemographic antecedents of institutionalization among aged welfare recipients

Data obtained in the 1973 Survey of Low-Income Aged and Disabled were used to predict 1974 institutionalized status among aged (65+) welfare recipients. Principal factor analysis was used to derive an index of self-care based on activities of daily living items. Two levels of ability were determined and separate logistic analyses were performed for demographic, contextual and community contact variables. County and other contextual indicators were used to test effects of bed supply and concentration of poverty. The following characteristics were associated with greater probabilities of institutionalization: functional impairment, advanced age, household isolation, presence of nonrelatives and white racial background. Variables associated with greater probabilities of noninstitutionalization included: southern residence, residence in counties with greater concentrations of poverty, frequent contact with friends and relatives, and propinquity of children. Receipt of services was associated with greater probability of institutional placement.