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Related Experiment Videos

Cell-surface heparan sulfate: an intercalated membrane proteoglycan.

L Kjellén, I Pettersson, M Höök

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |September 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers isolated two heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) populations from rat liver membranes. One HSPG type, extracted with detergent, is embedded in the plasma membrane lipid bilayer.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology
    • Membrane Biology

    Background:

    • Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are crucial cell surface molecules involved in various biological processes.
    • Understanding the heterogeneity and localization of HSPGs is essential for elucidating their functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To selectively solubilize and characterize distinct heparan sulfate proteoglycan populations from rat liver plasma membranes.
    • To differentiate between membrane-associated and peripherally associated HSPGs.

    Main Methods:

    • Selective solubilization of proteoglycans using heparin and detergent.
    • Ion-exchange chromatography (DEAE-Sephacel) to assess polyanionic properties.
    • Density gradient centrifugation in CsCl with guanidine hydrochloride to determine buoyant density.

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  • Gel chromatography to evaluate molecular size.
  • Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (octyl-Sepharose) and liposome insertion assays to assess membrane association.

    • Main Results:

    • Two distinct heparan sulfate proteoglycan pools were isolated from rat liver plasma membranes.
    • Both pools exhibited similar polyanionic properties via ion-exchange chromatography.
    • Density gradient centrifugation revealed differences in buoyant density, with detergent-extracted HSPGs having a lower density (≤1.40 g/ml) than heparin-released HSPGs (≥1.55 g/ml).
    • Detergent-extracted HSPGs were larger, bound detergent micelles, showed affinity for octyl-Sepharose, and could be inserted into liposomes, unlike heparin-released HSPGs.

    Conclusions:

    • The study identified two distinct heparan sulfate proteoglycan populations in rat liver plasma membranes.
    • The detergent-extracted heparan sulfate proteoglycan population is likely integrated into the lipid bilayer, suggesting a transmembrane core protein.
    • Heparin-released proteoglycans represent a more peripherally associated pool.