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The human acoustic tensor tympani reflex. A case report.

B A Stach, J F Jerger, H A Jenkins

    Scandinavian Audiology
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study observed unique acoustically-evoked tensor tympani muscle reflexes in a Bell's palsy patient. These reflexes differed from normal stapedius muscle responses, highlighting facial nerve dysfunction impacts.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Otolaryngology
    • Audiology

    Background:

    • Bell's palsy causes unilateral lower motoneuron facial paralysis.
    • The stapedius muscle reflex is a standard audiological and neurological test.
    • The tensor tympani muscle reflex is less understood, especially in pathological conditions.

    Observation:

    • A patient with Bell's palsy exhibited an unusual acoustically-evoked reflex in the tensor tympani muscle.
    • This reflex response was measured using impedance changes in the ear.
    • The observed reflex pattern differed significantly from typical stapedius muscle responses.

    Findings:

    • The tensor tympani reflex showed an elevated threshold, large/variable amplitude, prolonged latency, gradual onset, and rapid decay.
    • Ipsilateral acoustic stimulation elicited this abnormal reflex.

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  • Contralateral stimulation did not trigger the reflex in the affected ear.

    • Implications:

    • These findings suggest specific alterations in the tensor tympani muscle reflex due to facial nerve palsy.
    • The study provides insights into the neural pathways involved in acoustic reflexes.
    • Understanding these reflex characteristics may aid in diagnosing and monitoring facial nerve disorders.