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Mechanical heart valves in children.

A Henze, D Lindblom, V O Björk

    Scandinavian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The Björk-Shiley mechanical valve is a suitable cardiac valve replacement for children, though reoperation may be needed later due to growth. Long-term follow-up shows low morbidity and good outcomes for pediatric valve replacement.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Surgery
    • Pediatric Cardiology
    • Biomaterials in Medicine

    Background:

    • Pediatric cardiac valve disease often requires surgical intervention.
    • Prosthetic heart valves are used to replace diseased or damaged valves in children.
    • Long-term outcomes of mechanical valves in pediatric populations require ongoing evaluation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of the Björk-Shiley mechanical prosthesis in pediatric cardiac valve replacement.
    • To evaluate complications, reoperations, and survival rates in children receiving this prosthesis.
    • To determine the suitability of mechanical valves for long-term use in growing children.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 17 children who underwent cardiac valve replacement with Björk-Shiley prostheses between 1970-1980.

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  • Follow-up data collected on survival, complications, reoperations, and anticoagulation status.
  • Analysis included various types of valve replacements and repairs in complex congenital heart defects.

    • Main Results:

    • The study followed 17 children with a mean follow-up of 7.7 years.
    • Early and late mortality were 12% and 6%, respectively; one death was due to mechanical valve failure.
    • Two patients required reoperation for "outgrown prosthesis"; overall morbidity was low with 53% experiencing no complications.

    Conclusions:

    • The Björk-Shiley mechanical valve is a suitable substitute for severely diseased cardiac valves in children.
    • While effective, the potential need for reoperation due to prosthesis "outgrowing" in early-life replacements must be considered.
    • Long-term anticoagulation was manageable, with a low rate of thromboembolic events.