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Pentamidine-induced diabetes mellitus.

T K Jha, V K Sharma

    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pentamidine isethionate treatment for kala-azar can lead to diabetes mellitus. Most cases were insulin-dependent, with persistent diabetes observed years later.

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    Area of Science:

    • Tropical medicine
    • Endocrinology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Kala-azar is a serious parasitic disease.
    • Pentamidine isethionate is used for antimonial-resistant kala-azar.
    • Drug-induced complications require thorough investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report on diabetes mellitus cases following pentamidine isethionate treatment.
    • To characterize the type and duration of diabetes mellitus.
    • To assess the long-term outcomes of this adverse effect.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case series.
    • Review of medical records for patients treated with pentamidine isethionate.
    • Clinical follow-up to assess diabetes status.

    Main Results:

    • Twelve cases of diabetes mellitus were identified post-treatment.
    • Eleven cases were insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
    • One case was insulin-independent diabetes mellitus.
    • Diabetes persisted in most patients at 2-5 year follow-up.

    Conclusions:

    • Pentamidine isethionate may cause diabetes mellitus.
    • The condition is often insulin-dependent and long-lasting.
    • Further research into the mechanism and prevention is warranted.

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