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An immunochemical method for assessing the function of the alternative complement pathway.

K Yoshida, Y Yukiyama, S Hirose

    International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    The alternative complement pathway

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Complement System Biology

    Background:

    • The complement system is a crucial part of innate immunity.
    • The alternative pathway (AP) can be activated by various soluble activators.
    • The role of C9 in AP activation and its quantification require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the consumption of C9 during alternative complement pathway activation.
    • To develop a novel assay for quantifying alternative pathway activity.
    • To assess the utility of this assay in disease states.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of C9 antigen and hemolytic activity.
    • Utilizing ethylene glycol bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and Mg2+ to isolate AP activation.
    • Development of the C9 depletion test (C9DT) assay.
    • Comparison of C9DT values in healthy individuals and patients with autoimmune diseases.

    Main Results:

    • Soluble C activators led to decreased C9 antigen and hemolytic activity.
    • This C9 decrease was primarily mediated by alternative pathway activation.
    • The C9DT assay demonstrated significantly lower values in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • C9 is consumed during alternative complement pathway activation.
    • The C9 depletion test (C9DT) is a valid method for assessing total alternative pathway activity.
    • C9DT may serve as a useful biomarker for certain autoimmune conditions.

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