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Related Experiment Videos

Vitamin-D in human milk.

D R Lakdawala, E M Widdowson

    Lancet (London, England)
    |January 22, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human milk contains vitamin D primarily as a water-soluble sulfate conjugate, not in the lipid fraction. This finding explains why breast-fed infants typically do not develop rickets despite low overall vitamin D levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional Biochemistry
    • Human Lactation Studies
    • Pediatric Nutrition

    Background:

    • Human milk is a primary source of nutrition for infants.
    • Previous vitamin D assays focused on the lipid fraction of milk.
    • Low reported vitamin D in human milk contrasted with the absence of rickets in breast-fed infants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the form and concentration of vitamin D in human milk.
    • To determine if vitamin D exists in a water-soluble form.
    • To measure vitamin-D sulfate concentrations at different lactation stages.

    Main Methods:

    • Chemical measurement of vitamin-D sulfate in the aqueous fraction of human milk.
    • Milk samples collected from 22 women (3-8 days postpartum) and 14 women (4-6 weeks postpartum).

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  • Analysis of vitamin-D sulfate concentration at distinct postpartum periods.

    • Main Results:

    • Most vitamin D in human milk is present as a water-soluble vitamin-D sulfate conjugate.
    • Vitamin-D sulfate concentration was significantly higher (1.78 µg/dL) in milk from 3-5 days postpartum compared to 6-8 days postpartum (1.00 µg/dL).
    • No significant change in vitamin-D sulfate concentration was observed after 8 days postpartum.

    Conclusions:

    • Vitamin D in human milk is predominantly in a water-soluble sulfate form.
    • The concentration of vitamin-D sulfate is highest in early lactation.
    • This form of vitamin D likely contributes to preventing rickets in exclusively breast-fed infants.