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[Travelers' diarrhea].

C Regamey

    Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
    |July 21, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    International travellers frequently contract diarrhea from various pathogens. While most cases resolve spontaneously, specific treatments and prophylaxis options exist for prevention and management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology
    • Gastroenterology

    Context:

    • Over 12 million international travellers annually experience diarrhea.
    • Pathogens include viruses (Rotavirus, Norovirus), bacteria, and parasites.
    • Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common cause of watery traveler's diarrhea.

    Purpose:

    • To review the causes, diagnosis, and management of traveler's diarrhea.
    • To discuss the mechanisms of pathogenic agents, particularly ETEC.
    • To evaluate treatment and prophylaxis strategies for infectious diarrhea in travelers.

    Summary:

    • Traveler's diarrhea is primarily caused by enterotoxigenic bacteria like E. coli, which secrete toxins affecting the small intestine.
    • Dysenteric diarrhea involves mucosal invasion by bacteria, leading to inflammation and ulcers.

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  • Diagnostic tools include stool coloration and occult blood testing.
  • Antimotility agents are contraindicated in febrile or dysenteric cases.
  • Clioquinol treatment is considered hazardous; prophylactic antibiotics like tetracyclines or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be justified.

    • Impact:

    • Informs clinicians on appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for traveler's diarrhea.
    • Highlights the risks associated with certain treatments, such as clioquinol and antimotility agents.
    • Provides evidence-based recommendations for prophylactic antibiotic use in high-risk travelers.