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Related Experiment Videos

Antigenemia in primary coccidioidomycosis.

J N Galgiani, K O Dugger, J I Ito

    The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Fungal antigenemia, indicated by Coccidioides immitis antigen detection in blood, was observed in most patients during early infection. This antigen activity correlated with IgM antibodies, suggesting circulating immune complexes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Mycology
    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Clinical observations suggest fungal antigenemia in Coccidioides immitis infections.
    • Detecting fungal antigens in patient blood could aid in diagnosing coccidioidomycosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the occurrence of fungal antigenemia in patients with Coccidioides immitis infection.
    • To characterize the relationship between fungal antigen activity and host immune responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify fungal antigenic activity in patient sera.
    • Measured anti-spherulin antibody activity (IgM, IgG, IgA) using ELISA.

    Main Results:

    • Twenty-one of 27 sera from infected patients exhibited detectable antigenic activity.
    • Antigenic activity was most pronounced in the early stages of the illness.
    • Fungal antigen activity showed a significant association with IgM antibodies, but not IgG or IgA.

    Conclusions:

    • Fungal antigenemia is detectable in a majority of patients with Coccidioides immitis infection, particularly early in the disease course.
    • The association of antigen activity with IgM suggests the presence of circulating immune complexes involving fungal antigens and IgM antibodies.

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