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Increased prevalence of coeliac disease in diabetes
Insights
Screening diabetic children for coeliac disease using IgA class reticulin antibody is effective. This method identified new cases, suggesting routine screening for reticulin antibodies in diabetic children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease share common genetic factors.
- Coeliac disease is more prevalent in individuals with Type 1 diabetes.
- Early diagnosis of coeliac disease is crucial to prevent complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of class-specific serum reticulin antibodies in screening for coeliac disease among diabetic children.
- To determine the prevalence of coeliac disease in a cohort of diabetic children.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from 215 diabetic children were tested for class-specific reticulin antibodies.
- Children with positive antibody tests underwent small intestinal biopsy.
- Histopathological examination of biopsies confirmed coeliac disease diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Four new cases of coeliac disease were diagnosed, all positive for IgA reticulin antibody.
- Two of three children with low-titer IgA reticulin antibody showed partial villous atrophy.
- The prevalence of coeliac disease in this cohort was 1:43, including one previously diagnosed case.
Conclusions:
- IgA class reticulin antibody is a reliable marker for coeliac disease in diabetic children.
- Routine screening for reticulin antibodies is recommended for diabetic children.
- Early detection and management of coeliac disease can improve outcomes for diabetic children.
Abstract:
A total of 215 diabetic children were screened for coeliac disease by determination of class specific serum reticulin antibody. Nine children were positive for reticulin antibody and all underwent biopsy of the small intestine. Four new cases of coeliac disease were found; all of these children had IgA reticulin antibody. Two of three other children with a low titre of IgA reticulin antibody had partial villous atrophy. It was concluded that IgA class reticulin antibody was a good marker of coeliac disease in diabetic children. The prevalence of coeliac disease in these children was 1:43 (including one previously diagnosed case) and we suggest that diabetic children be screened routinely for reticulin antibody.