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Related Experiment Videos

Plasma fibronectin and complement in surgical patients.

S J Chadwick, J F Mowbray, H A Dudley

    The British Journal of Surgery
    |September 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Post-surgery, key immune system components like plasma fibronectin and complement decrease temporarily. This reduction in host defense mechanisms may allow for bacterial infections and complement activation in critically ill patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Surgical Medicine
    • Complement System

    Background:

    • Plasma fibronectin and C3b are opsonins crucial for the reticulo-endothelial system.
    • Opsonins facilitate the clearance of pathogens by the immune system.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate changes in host defense mechanisms following gastro-intestinal surgery.
    • To compare immune responses in uncomplicated surgery versus severe sepsis.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 20 patients undergoing uncomplicated gastro-intestinal surgery.
    • Analyzed plasma fibronectin, C3, and total hemolytic complement levels.
    • Compared these levels with six critically ill patients with severe sepsis.

    Main Results:

    • A significant reduction in plasma fibronectin and total hemolytic complement was observed in the early postoperative period (days 1-3).
    • Critically ill patients with severe sepsis showed further significant reductions in plasma fibronectin and C3 concentrations.
    • Direct evidence of complement activation was found in critically ill patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Surgery causes a transient decrease in humoral host defense mechanisms.
    • This postoperative immune suppression may increase susceptibility to bacteremia and complement activation.
    • Severe sepsis exacerbates these reductions in immune function.

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