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Related Experiment Videos

Excitability changes of presumptive ectoderm following mesodermal induction.

S Ito, H Inoue, T Matsusaka

    Developmental Biology
    |October 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Newt ectodermal cells differentiate into muscle or epidermis based on culture conditions. Heated fetal calf serum (HFCS) promotes muscle differentiation, while fetal calf serum (FCS) promotes epidermis, influencing cell membrane properties and excitability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental biology
    • Cell biology
    • Neurobiology

    Background:

    • Dissociated embryonic cells can redifferentiate when provided with appropriate culture conditions.
    • Cell-cell interactions and membrane properties play crucial roles in directing cell fate.
    • Early amphibian embryos offer a model system to study fundamental developmental processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of culture media on the differentiation of dissociated newt ectodermal cells.
    • To analyze the differences in cell aggregation and membrane properties during differentiation in heated fetal calf serum (HFCS) versus fetal calf serum (FCS).
    • To examine the membrane excitability phenomena associated with muscle and epidermal differentiation.

    Main Methods:

    • Dissociation of early newt gastrula ectodermal cells using calcium-magnesium-free saline (CMF).

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  • Culture of dissociated cells in HFCS and FCS for up to 9-12 days.
  • Microscopic observation of cell-cluster formation and surface structures (microvilli, lamellipodia).
  • Electrophysiological recording to investigate membrane excitability and action potentials.

    • Main Results:

    • Cells cultured in HFCS differentiated into muscle cells, while cells in FCS differentiated into epidermal cells.
    • HFCS cultures exhibited loose cell contacts with few microvilli, whereas FCS cultures showed tight contacts with numerous microvilli.
    • Action potential genesis in HFCS-induced muscle cells resembled in vivo somitic muscle cells.
    • Ionic dependence of action potentials in HFCS-induced muscle cells was related to epidermal cells in FCS.

    Conclusions:

    • Culture medium composition significantly impacts the differentiation pathway of dissociated ectodermal cells.
    • Differences in cell surface structures and aggregation patterns are linked to the culture-induced differentiation.
    • Membrane excitability changes are associated with the specific cell fates (muscle vs. epidermis) adopted in different culture conditions.