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In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.  
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Generation and Characterization of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Astrocytes Lacking Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein
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[Autosomal fragile sites].

M Jotterand-Bellomo

    Journal De Genetique Humaine
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study categorizes 17 known autosomal fragile sites based on their sensitivity to specific agents. It also explores the relationship between fragile sites, phenotype, incidence, origin, and localization.

    Area of Science:

    • Human Genetics
    • Cytogenetics
    • Molecular Biology

    Context:

    • Autosomal fragile sites are chromosomal regions prone to breakage.
    • Understanding fragile sites is crucial for genetic research and diagnostics.
    • Previous classifications were limited, necessitating a comprehensive review.

    Purpose:

    • To categorize the 17 known autosomal fragile sites based on their sensitivity profiles.
    • To discuss fundamental issues surrounding autosomal fragile sites, including their relationship with phenotype, incidence, origin, and localization.

    Summary:

    • Fragile sites are classified into three categories: BrdU-sensitive, distamycin A-sensitive, and folate- and thymidilate-sensitive.
    • The study highlights the need to understand the genetic and molecular basis of fragile sites.

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  • Key issues discussed include the link between fragile sites and observable traits (phenotype), their frequency in the population, the underlying causes of fragility (DNA structure, protein binding, chromatin organization), and their precise locations on chromosomes.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a refined classification of autosomal fragile sites.
    • Offers insights into the etiology and clinical relevance of chromosomal fragility.
    • Establishes a foundation for future research into the genetic and molecular mechanisms of fragile sites and their associated phenotypes.