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Do alcoholics give valid self-reports?

C G Watson, C Tilleskjor, E A Hoodecheck-Schow

    Journal of Studies on Alcohol
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Alcoholics

    Area of Science:

    • Addiction Medicine
    • Psychiatry
    • Psychology

    Background:

    • Accurate assessment of alcohol consumption is crucial for effective treatment and follow-up in alcoholism.
    • Self-reports from patients are a common method for assessing drinking behavior, but their reliability is often questioned.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the accuracy of self-reported alcohol consumption by male inpatients with collateral reports over an 18-month period.
    • To evaluate the reliability of patient self-reports in longitudinal studies of alcohol use.

    Main Methods:

    • 100 male inpatients diagnosed with alcoholism participated in the study.
    • Drinking behavior was assessed via self-reports and collateral reports (friend or relative) at 10 intervals over 18 months.
    • Statistical analysis focused on correlations and discrepancies between self- and collateral-reported alcohol consumption.

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    Main Results:

    • Moderate correlations were found between patient self-reports and collateral descriptions, with only about half of the variance overlapping.
    • Patients tended to underestimate their alcohol consumption compared to collateral reports, particularly when uncontrolled drinking was reported.
    • Discrepancies between self- and collateral reports showed a curvilinear relationship, with significant underestimation in cases of heavy drinking.

    Conclusions:

    • Patient self-reports demonstrate limited accuracy and reliability in assessing alcohol consumption during follow-up studies.
    • The findings suggest a need to reconsider the reliance on self-reported data in alcoholism research and clinical practice.
    • Collateral reports provide a more comprehensive, though still imperfect, measure of drinking behavior in individuals with alcoholism.