Heterogeneity of protein-synthesis initiation factors in developing and aging rat brain

Protein synthesis initiation factors from rat brain were assayed in vitro through the formation of the initiator Met-tRNA X initiation factor 2 X GTP ternary complex. The initiation factor showed different intrinsic activity with increase in age. This difference was elicited by additions of high-salt ribosomal-wash protein to incubation mixtures that were already saturated with protein preparations from brains of older animals. This qualitative difference was further documented by examining the sensitivity of the activities of the initiation factor to spermidine and to temperature. The sensitivity to these effectors varied with age. By fitting an exponential decay model to data from the temperature experiments, it was possible to demonstrate that the preparations of the initiation factor from older brains behaved as a multicomponent system. The brain preparations from older animals contained at least two subpopulations of initiation factor. The fractions of these two gross subclasses varied, inversely one to the other, with age.