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Influence of thyroid function on theophylline kinetics.

S Vozeh, M Otten, J J Staub

    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    |November 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thyroid hormones influence theophylline metabolism. Hyperthyroidism increases theophylline clearance, which returns to normal after treatment. Thyroxine levels correlate with theophylline clearance rates.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Endocrinology
    • Drug Metabolism

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones are known to affect drug metabolism.
    • Theophylline is a medication commonly used for respiratory conditions.
    • Understanding drug kinetics in hyperthyroidism is crucial for patient care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of hyperthyroidism and its treatment on theophylline pharmacokinetics.
    • To explore the relationship between thyroxine levels and theophylline clearance.

    Main Methods:

    • Theophylline kinetics were assessed in five hyperthyroid patients before and after carbimazole treatment.
    • Theophylline clearance and volume of distribution were measured.
    • Correlation analysis was performed between thyroxine concentration and theophylline clearance in 15 subjects treated with aminophylline.

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    Main Results:

    • Theophylline clearance decreased significantly after carbimazole treatment in hyperthyroid patients.
    • No significant change was observed in the apparent volume of distribution of theophylline.
    • A positive correlation was found between serum thyroxine concentration and total body theophylline clearance (r = 0.72 in nonsmokers).

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperthyroidism increases theophylline clearance, likely due to enhanced drug-metabolizing enzyme activity induced by elevated thyroxine levels.
    • Carbimazole treatment normalizes theophylline clearance by reducing thyroxine levels.
    • Thyroxine concentration is a key determinant of theophylline clearance, with a potential saturation point for enzyme induction.