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Pulmonary function changes after 1 h continuous heavy exercise in 0.21 ppm ozone.

L J Folinsbee, J F Bedi, S M Horvath

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |October 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Athletes exercising intensely experienced reduced lung function and respiratory symptoms when exposed to low levels of ozone (O3). This indicates heavy continuous exercise increases susceptibility to ozone-induced pulmonary effects.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Health
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Pulmonary Medicine

    Background:

    • Previous studies suggested ozone (O3) exposure could impair lung function in exercising individuals.
    • Athletes exercising at high intensities may be particularly vulnerable to O3 effects even at low concentrations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of low-level ozone exposure on pulmonary function in trained athletes undergoing strenuous exercise.
    • To compare the effects of O3 exposure during heavy continuous exercise with findings from moderate intermittent exercise studies.

    Main Methods:

    • Seven trained athletes exercised for 1 hour at 75% maximal oxygen consumption in both ambient air and a 0.21 ppm O3 environment.
    • Pulmonary function tests, including forced expiratory maneuvers and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), were conducted before and after each exposure.

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    Main Results:

    • Ozone exposure led to significant decreases in forced vital capacity (-7%), forced expired volume in 1 second (-15%), and maximum voluntary ventilation (-17%).
    • Symptoms reported included laryngeal/tracheal irritation and chest tightness.
    • The observed pulmonary function changes were comparable to those seen in subjects exercising moderately for longer durations in slightly higher O3 concentrations.

    Conclusions:

    • Heavy continuous exercise exacerbates the negative effects of ozone exposure on lung function.
    • Individuals engaged in strenuous physical activity are at increased risk of pulmonary impairment from lower ozone concentrations.
    • Environmental policies should consider the heightened vulnerability of athletes to air pollution during exercise.