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Nutrition and the elderly: a general overview.

H N Munro

    Journal of the American College of Nutrition
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Nutritional factors may influence age-related body composition changes and tissue function decline. More research is needed to understand nutrient needs in older adults and their impact on aging processes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Nutritional Science
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Adult aging is characterized by progressive changes in body composition, including loss of lean mass and gain in body fat.
    • Aging also leads to functional decline in tissues at organ, cellular, and subcellular levels.
    • Chronic diseases associated with aging, such as atherosclerosis and cancer, may be influenced by nutrition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the potential impact of nutritional factors on age-related changes in body composition and tissue function.
    • To review the role of nutrition in age-related chronic diseases.
    • To highlight the need for updated nutrient assessments for individuals over 65.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing human epidemiological studies and animal experiments on aging and nutrition.

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  • Analysis of studies on energy intake, specific nutrient levels (e.g., Vitamin C, protein), and body composition changes with age.
  • Examination of nutritional surveys in elderly populations.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence suggests calcium and exercise may slow bone density loss (osteoporosis).
    • Animal models indicate nutrient intake and exercise can modulate age-related tissue function decline.
    • Elderly populations may exhibit significant malnutrition when assessed by young adult nutritional standards, though its impact on aging is unclear.
    • Vitamin C levels in elderly women are lower, but supplementation showed no clinical benefit.

    Conclusions:

    • Nutrition likely plays a role in the onset and progression of age-related chronic diseases.
    • Further research is essential to accurately determine the specific nutrient requirements for older adults.
    • The relationship between malnutrition in the elderly and the rate of tissue function loss requires further investigation.