Endogenous burst capability in a neuron of the gastric mill pattern generator of the spiny lobster Panulirus...

The gastric system of the lobster stomatogastric ganglion has previously been thought to include no neurons capable of endogenous bursting. We describe conditions under which one of the motorneurons, the CP cell, can burst endogenously in a free-running manner in the absence of other phasic network activity. Isolated preparations of the foregut nervous system were used, and the CP bursting was either spontaneous or was activated by continuous stimulation of an input nerve. Three criteria were applied to establish the endogenous nature of such burst generation in CP: absence of phasic input, reset of the bursting pattern by pulses of current in a characteristic phase-dependent manner, and modulation of burst rate by sustained injected current. (1) The firing of other cells which are known to be related synaptically to CP was monitored in nerve records. These other cells were either silent or fired only tonically. Cross-correlograms showed that CP bursting was not ascribable to phasic activity in these other network cells. (2) A depolarizing current pulse of sufficient strength injected intracellularly between bursts triggered a burst prematurely and reset the subsequent rhythm. A hyperpolarizing pulse during a burst terminated it and reset the subsequent rhythm. Reset behavior was similar to that described for other endogenous bursters. (3) Application of a positive-going ramp current initially caused an increase in burst rate, as described for other endogenous bursters. However, further depolarization caused a slower burst rate due to lengthening of the individual bursts, although mean firing frequency continued to increase throughout the range tested. Such free-running endogenous repetitive bursting appeared to result from the CP's ability to produce slow regenerative depolarizations ("plateau potentials"). When bursting was present, so was the plateau property, as determined by I-V analysis and by the ability of brief current pulses to trigger and terminate bursts. The previous inability to observe endogenous bursting in preparations with central input removed may be due to the usual absence of the plateau property in such preparations. CP bursting during normal gastric mill rhythms, while underlain by plateau potentials, is strongly controlled by network interactions. CP appears not to be well placed in the network to be considered a source of normal gastric rhythmicity. Nevertheless, endogenous bursting in CP may explain some of the partial gastric rhythms seen in behavioral studies, and illustrates one way that cellular properties might contribute to rhythmic behaviors.