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Related Experiment Videos

Diffusional arteriovenous shunting in the heart.

J B Bassingthwaighte, T Yipintsoi, T J Knopp

    Microvascular Research
    |September 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Intramyocardial diffusional shunting of water was observed in dog hearts, particularly at low blood flow rates. This bypass phenomenon affects small, lipid-soluble molecules but is negligible for normal substrates.

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    The kinetics of Ca-Na exchange in excitable tissue.

    Mathematical biosciences·2011

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Myocardial Blood Flow Dynamics
    • Tracer Kinetics

    Background:

    • Previous studies suggested intramyocardial diffusional shunting of water relative to flow-limited solutes.
    • This shunting implies a potential diffusional bypass for substances like oxygen, crucial during ischemia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the significance of intramyocardial diffusional shunting using non-consumed tracers.
    • To investigate the flow-dependent nature of this shunting phenomenon.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized bolus injections of 133Xenon (Xe) dissolved in saline into the coronary inflow, monitoring organ tracer content externally.
    • Employed injections of cool saline with indocyanine green into the coronary inflow, recording coronary sinus outflow dilution curves using thermistors and dye densitometry.

    Main Results:

    • 133Xe washout was disproportionately rapid at low flows, with a retarded late phase.
    • Thermal dilution curves (heat) preceded dye curves, with greater precession at low flows, indicating significant heat shunting.
    • Model of diffusional countercurrent exchange supported observed changes in residue and outflow dilution curves.

    Conclusions:

    • Confirmed diffusional shunting of small, lipid-soluble molecules with high diffusion coefficients in tissue.
    • Shunting of heat was substantial, but shunting of soluble gases and normal substrates was found to be negligible.

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