Angiographic staging in renal cell carcinoma. A retrospective study of 96 patients

The International Union Against Cancer (UICC) recommends renal angiography to T-stage renal cell carcinoma. 96 angiograms were reviewed, staged and compared with the histopathologic staging. 55% of renal cell carcinomas were overstaged and 4% were under-staged. We conclude that renal angiography cannot be used for precise preoperative staging of renal cell carcinoma.