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Effect of Rhodococcus equi on equine polymorphonuclear leukocyte function.

M A Ellenberger, M L Kaeberle, J A Roth

    Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
    |October 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Rhodococcus equi preparations suppressed equine polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) oxidative metabolism and myeloperoxidase activity. These findings suggest R. equi may possess components inhibiting PMN function, aiding its survival.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Immunology
    • Equine Microbiology
    • Leukocyte Biology

    Background:

    • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are crucial for equine innate immunity.
    • Understanding PMN function is vital for combating bacterial infections in horses.
    • Rhodococcus equi is an important pathogen in foals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a method for isolating equine PMNs.
    • To evaluate the effect of R. equi on equine PMN function.
    • To identify components of R. equi that may inhibit PMN activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of purified equine polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).
    • Assessment of PMN function via Staphylococcus aureus ingestion, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, and iodination assays.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Exposure of PMNs to live, heat-killed R. equi, and its fractions (pellet, supernatant).

    • Main Results:

    • Equine PMN S. aureus ingestion was unaffected by R. equi preparations.
    • Nitroblue tetrazrazolium reduction and iodination assays showed suppressed PMN oxidative metabolism and myeloperoxidase activity, respectively.
    • R. equi supernatant retained inhibitory effects after autoclaving and filtration, suggesting heat-stable inhibitory components.

    Conclusions:

    • Rhodococcus equi possesses components that inhibit key equine polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions, including oxidative metabolism and the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-halide system.
    • These inhibitory mechanisms may contribute to the intracellular survival and virulence of R. equi in horses.
    • Further research into these R. equi components could reveal novel therapeutic targets.