Diffusion of the retinal layers of the living human eye

We measured the modulation depth of an interference pattern after double passage through the eye with different entry positions of the linearly polarized incident beam in the pupil plane. This shifting of the incident beam greatly modifies the mean irradiance and the modulation depth of the aerial image, whatever the direction of the polarizer. These measurements give a better understanding of the respective contributions of the retinal layers to the formation of the aerial image. Consequently, the modulation transfer function of the optics of the eye deduced from measurements with the aerial image must be considered cautiously.