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Complement activation by cell-associated immune complexes in contact sensitivity.

A Salerno, M Brai, F Dieli

    Cellular Immunology
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Lymph node cells from 4-day sensitized mice activate complement, but this is inhibited by hapten. Complement activation by these cells inversely correlates with their ability to induce contact sensitivity.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Complement System Biology

    Background:

    • Contact hypersensitivity is a T-cell mediated immune response.
    • Immune complexes on cell surfaces can activate the complement cascade.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of complement activation in immune responses to picryl chloride sensitization.
    • To explore the relationship between complement activation by lymph node cells and their capacity to induce contact sensitivity.

    Main Methods:

    • Skin painting with picryl chloride in mice.
    • Collection and analysis of lymph node cells at different time points (1, 4, and 6 days post-sensitization).
    • Complement activation assays using rabbit and mouse sera (CBA/J and B10.D2-New/SnJ strains), including C4 and C5 component analysis and use of C5-deficient mouse serum.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Hapten inhibition assays.
  • Assessment of contact sensitivity induction by adoptive transfer of lymph node cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Lymph node cells collected 4 days post-sensitization activated the classical complement pathway (C4 consumption) but not later components (C5, factor B).
    • Complement activation by "4-day" cells was inhibited by specific hapten treatment, indicating involvement of cell-surface immune complexes.
    • "4-day" cells failed to activate complement in CBA/J mouse serum (low C4) but activated it in B10.D2-New/SnJ serum (high C4).
    • An inverse relationship was observed between complement activation by "4-day" cells and their ability to induce contact sensitivity.
    • Experiments with C5-deficient mouse serum confirmed the involvement of early complement components.

    Conclusions:

    • Early complement activation by "4-day" lymph node cells, mediated by cell-surface immune complexes, is demonstrated.
    • This complement activation appears to modulate the immunizing potential of these cells, inversely affecting their capacity to induce contact sensitivity.
    • Solubilization of immune complexes and altered immunogenicity are potential consequences of complement activation on these cells.