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Diphtheria in Europe.

W Kwantes

    The Journal of Hygiene
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Childhood vaccination significantly reduced diphtheria incidence across Europe. While rare, outbreaks and skin diphtheria cases occurred, often linked to international travel.

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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Vaccinology

    Background:

    • Diphtheria remains a concern globally, necessitating ongoing surveillance and control measures.
    • Childhood immunization programs are the cornerstone of infectious disease prevention.
    • Understanding regional diphtheria epidemiology informs public health strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the diphtheria experience in European countries over the past two decades.
    • To identify the primary control strategies employed by these nations.
    • To document the incidence and patterns of diphtheria, including outbreaks and specific forms like skin diphtheria.

    Main Methods:

    • A letter of inquiry was dispatched to 21 European countries.
    • Replies from 15 countries were analyzed.

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  • Data on diphtheria incidence, vaccination status, and epidemic occurrences were collected and reviewed.

    • Main Results:

    • All responding countries utilize childhood vaccination as their primary diphtheria control method.
    • Childhood vaccination has successfully lowered the annual incidence of diphtheria to very low levels.
    • Three epidemics were reported in the last ten years, and three countries noted cases of skin diphtheria, primarily in travelers.

    Conclusions:

    • Childhood vaccination is highly effective in controlling diphtheria in Europe.
    • Continued vigilance is necessary to manage sporadic cases and potential outbreaks, especially those associated with international travel.
    • The success of vaccination programs highlights their importance in maintaining public health security against vaccine-preventable diseases.