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Antineoplastic agents, 99. Amaryllis belladonna.

G R Pettit, V Gaddamidi, A Goswami

    Journal of Natural Products
    |September 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Amaryllis belladonna bulbs yielded potent anti-cancer compounds. Anhydrolycorinium chloride showed significant efficacy against murine lymphocytic leukemia, offering new avenues for cancer research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Phytochemistry
    • Pharmacology
    • Natural Products Chemistry

    Background:

    • Amaryllis belladonna is a plant species known for its potential medicinal properties.
    • Investigation into plant-derived compounds for therapeutic applications is ongoing.
    • Murine P-388 lymphocytic leukemia serves as a standard model for evaluating anti-cancer drug efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and isolate constituents from Amaryllis belladonna bulbs with inhibitory activity against murine P-388 lymphocytic leukemia.
    • To characterize the antineoplastic properties of isolated compounds.

    Main Methods:

    • Extraction and isolation of chemical constituents from Amaryllis belladonna bulbs.
    • In vitro evaluation of isolated compounds using the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia model.
    • In vivo assessment of antineoplastic activity and efficacy.

    Main Results:

    • Two alkaloids, acetylcaranine and ambelline, demonstrated in vitro activity against the leukemia.
    • Anhydrolycorinium chloride was identified as the principal antineoplastic component, showing significant life extension in vivo and potent in vitro activity.
    • Anhydrolycorinium chloride, a quaternary chloride, represents a novel biosynthetic product.

    Conclusions:

    • Amaryllis belladonna bulbs contain bioactive compounds with significant antineoplastic potential.
    • Anhydrolycorinium chloride is a promising candidate for further development as an anti-cancer agent.
    • The discovery of anhydrolycorinium chloride expands the known repertoire of plant-derived bioactive molecules.

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