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Related Experiment Videos

The definition of depression.

J Angst, A Dobler-Mikola

    Journal of Psychiatric Research
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Depression prevalence shows a 1:2 male to female ratio. This study suggests unequal reporting and memory recall, possibly due to societal male roles, contribute to this disparity in young adults.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Sociology
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Depression prevalence typically exhibits a 1:2 male to female sex ratio.
    • Previous research has explored varying timeframes and diagnostic criteria to understand this disparity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the factors contributing to the unequal sex ratio in depression prevalence.
    • To test the hypothesis that reporting and recall biases influence observed sex differences.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of a 20-23 year old cohort in Switzerland comprising 591 males and females.
    • Examination of prevalence rates across different time periods and case definition criteria.

    Main Results:

    • Evidence suggests that unequal reporting of depressive symptoms contributes to the observed sex ratio.
    • Differential forgetting of symptoms, potentially linked to societal male roles, may also play a part.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides partial support for reporting and recall biases explaining the male:female depression ratio in young adults.
    • Findings are specific to the studied cohort and cannot be generalized to older populations without further research.

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