Functional loss of the ileum: consequences and management

A variety of circumstances renders the ileum dysfunctional or necessitates ileal resection. Loss of this tissue is manifested by a group of disorders collectively termed the short-bowel syndrome. Traditionally, individuals who have sustained such functional loss learn to manage their altered bowel in relative isolation from the health care team. Inadequate management can lead to rehospitalization or to chronic systemic imbalances which predispose these individuals to additional disease processes. The purpose of this article is to review the physical consequences of functional loss of the ileum and the essential elements in the assessment and management of individuals who have sustained such losses. This should better prepare nurse practitioners to help these individuals learn how to minimize dysfunction and prevent additional disease.