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Related Experiment Videos

Monilethrix: an ultrastructural study.

M Ito, K Hashimoto, F W Yorder

    Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Monilethrix hair has abnormal thin segments called internodes, which show structural defects. These defects suggest a periodic dysfunction in the hair matrix, particularly the hair cortex, causing the characteristic beaded appearance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Genetics
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Monilethrix is a rare hair shaft disorder characterized by beaded hair.
    • The ultrastructural basis of moniliform hair abnormalities remains incompletely understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To ultrastructurally examine the characteristic moniliform hairs in monilethrix.
    • To identify the specific pathological portions of the hair shaft and elucidate the underlying cellular mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe surface morphology of nodes and internodes.
    • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for cross-sectional analysis of hair shaft components.
    • Comparison with control hair samples from normal individuals.

    Main Results:

    • SEM revealed alternating normal nodes and thin, ridged/fluted internodes.
    • TEM showed wrinkling of cuticular cells and reduced cortical cells in internodes.
    • Cortical cells in both nodes and internodes exhibited normal keratin patterns and size.

    Conclusions:

    • The internodes represent the pathological segments in monilethrix.
    • Abnormal hair thinning is likely due to periodic dysfunction of the hair matrix, specifically the hair cortex.

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