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Related Experiment Videos

Crystallization in urine.

G H Nancollas, S S Gaur

    Scanning Electron Microscopy
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study used a constant composition method to analyze calcium oxalate and phosphate formation in urine, revealing insights into kidney stone development. The findings help understand in vitro crystallization and its relation to in vivo stone formation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Urology
    • Biochemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Urine is typically supersaturated with calcium oxalates and phosphates, predisposing it to kidney stone formation.
    • Previous in vitro studies were limited by small reaction extents, hindering detailed analysis of crystallization processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the crystallization phases and formation rates of calcium oxalate and phosphate in urine using a constant composition method.
    • To enable physical-chemical characterization of crystallized phases and conduct kinetic studies in undiluted urine.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a constant composition method for sustained supersaturation and large-scale crystallization.
    • Employed a protected calcium electrode for kinetic studies in undiluted urine samples.

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  • Investigated precipitation in the presence of natural urinary inhibitors.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully characterized crystallized calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate phases formed under sustained supersaturation.
    • Determined the rates of phase formation in undiluted urine.
    • Observed that both calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate phases can form depending on supersaturation levels and inhibitors.

    Conclusions:

    • The constant composition method allows for extensive crystallization and detailed characterization of urinary stone phases.
    • Kinetic studies in undiluted urine are feasible with advanced electrode technology.
    • Understanding these crystallization dynamics is crucial for predicting and potentially preventing kidney stone formation.