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Visual defects in children after cerebral hypoxia.

J Van Hof-van Duin, G Mohn

    Behavioural Brain Research
    |November 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Perinatal hypoxia/ischemia often causes significant visual deficits in survivors, including tunnel vision. Severity correlates with neonatal seizures, neurological outcome, and gestational age.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Perinatal hypoxia/ischemia can lead to severe neurological sequelae in infants.
    • Visual function impairments are a known complication, but specific patterns and correlations require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate visual function deficits in survivors of perinatal hypoxia/ischemia.
    • To identify relationships between visual impairments and factors like gestational age, neonatal seizures, and neurological outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Examination of visual functions in 18 survivors of perinatal hypoxia/ischemia (3 months–17 years).
    • Inclusion of two patients with postnatal hypoxic events (8 and 13 years).
    • Assessment included visual acuity, visual field size, and optokinetic nystagmus.

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    Main Results:

    • Nearly all patients (16/18) exhibited clear visual deficits.
    • Deficits ranged from mild impairments to blindness.
    • Five patients presented with tunnel vision, specifically linked to hypoxic/ischemic brain damage.

    Conclusions:

    • Perinatal hypoxia/ischemia frequently results in significant visual impairments.
    • Tunnel vision appears to be a distinct consequence of this type of brain injury.
    • Visual defect severity is associated with neonatal seizures, neurological outcome, and gestational age at birth.