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Afferent lymph and lymph borne cells: their influence on lymph node function.

M T Drayson, W L Ford

    Immunobiology
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Interrupting afferent lymphatics to lymph nodes (LN) caused rapid involution. Lack of afferent lymph, not just antigen absence, drives this degeneration, leading to loss of LN structure and function.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Lymphatic System Biology

    Background:

    • Lymph nodes (LN) are crucial for immune responses.
    • Afferent lymphatic vessels deliver antigens and cells to LN.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of interrupting afferent lymphatic drainage on LN structure and function.
    • To determine the role of afferent lymph in maintaining LN integrity.

    Main Methods:

    • Deafferentization of cervical LN in AO rats by interrupting afferent lymphatics.
    • Measurement of LN weight, lymphocyte influx, blood flow, and cellular activity over 12 weeks.
    • Histological examination of LN structure and cell populations.

    Main Results:

    • Deafferentization led to a rapid reduction in lymphocyte influx and HEV degeneration.

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  • LN weight initially increased then declined, with progressive loss of lymphoblasts, plasma cells, and germinal centers.
  • Macrophages and interdigitating cells (IDC) numbers significantly decreased, suggesting their origin via afferent lymph.

    • Conclusions:

    • Involution of deafferentized LN is driven by the absence of afferent lymph, not solely antigen deprivation.
    • Non-lymphoid cells arriving in afferent lymph are essential for maintaining LN structure and function.
    • UV irradiation experiments suggest UV-sensitive cells, possibly IDC, influence lymphocyte influx.