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Dynamic processes of visual transduction.

M L Applebury

    Vision Research
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rhodopsin

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    Area of Science:

    • Photochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Rhodopsin's chromophore, 11-cis retinaldehyde, enables observation of macromolecular changes.
    • These changes occur on timescales from picoseconds to minutes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate rhodopsin's molecular processes triggered by light absorption.
    • To examine the formation of bleaching intermediates as a function of photon fluence.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized laser monochromatic light for photolysis with carefully measured photon flux.
    • Investigated rhodopsin's photochemical events and intermediate formation under controlled conditions.

    Main Results:

    • Photon absorption initiates the formation of metastable bathorhodopsin within 6 picoseconds.
    • Artificial rhodopsin with 9-cis retinal yields a distinct bathorhodopsin, indicating active site distortions.
    • Bathorhodopsin undergoes thermal decay through lumirhodopsin and metarhodopsin I to metarhodopsin II, with a stable meta I-meta II equilibrium lasting seconds.

    Conclusions:

    • Rhodopsin's photoactivation provides a model for energy utilization in biological cascades.
    • The study elucidates the picosecond to minute timescale molecular events in rhodopsin photobleaching.

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