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Decompression from a deep nitrogen/oxygen saturation dive--a case report.

P D Barry, R D Vann, D A Youngblood

    Undersea Biomedical Research
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Deep diving with nitrogen/oxygen mixtures requires slower ascent rates to prevent decompression sickness. This study found a higher incidence of decompression incidents in deeper saturation dives, emphasizing the need for adjusted ascent protocols.

    Area of Science:

    • Hyperbaric and Diving Medicine
    • Physiology
    • Aerospace Medicine

    Background:

    • Saturation diving using nitrogen/oxygen (N2/O2) mixtures is common in commercial and military operations.
    • Decompression sickness (DCS) remains a significant risk in saturation diving, influenced by depth, duration, and ascent profiles.
    • Established ascent rates may not be optimal for all dive profiles, particularly for deeper saturation dives.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the incidence of decompression sickness (DCS) in a deep nitrogen/oxygen saturation dive.
    • To compare ascent rates and DCS incidence across different dive depths and gas mixtures.
    • To determine if current ascent protocols are adequate for deep saturation diving.

    Main Methods:

    • Ten divers conducted a 4.5-day N2/O2 saturation dive to 165 fsw (50.3 msw).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Daily excursions to 200 fsw (61 msw) were performed breathing air.
  • Divers breathed 0.51 bar O2 in N2 at 165 fsw and followed a specific decompression schedule, including air from 45 fsw (13.7 msw) to the surface.

    • Main Results:

    • Five divers developed decompression sickness (DCS), with four experiencing symptoms before reaching 20 fsw (6.1 msw) and one post-flight.
    • Analysis of ascent rates indicated that dives deeper than 100 fsw (30.5 msw) had a slower mean ascent rate (0.76 msw/h) compared to shallower dives (1 msw/h).
    • Dives deeper than 100 fsw showed a higher DCS incident rate (14 incidents in 45 man-exposures) compared to shallower dives (14 incidents in 107 man-exposures).

    Conclusions:

    • Deeper saturation dives, such as the one to 165 fsw, necessitate slower ascent rates than those used in shallower dives to mitigate DCS risk.
    • The findings suggest a need to revise decompression algorithms and ascent protocols for deep saturation diving.
    • Further research into optimal ascent profiles for various depths and gas mixtures is warranted.