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Membrane plasma exchange: principles and application techniques.

W Samtleben, D H Randerson, M Blumenstein

    Journal of Clinical Apheresis
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Membrane plasmapheresis offers a faster, easier alternative to traditional plasma exchange, effectively removing plasma proteins. Future advancements aim for closed-loop systems to reduce reliance on replacement fluids.

    Area of Science:

    • Extracorporeal therapy
    • Plasma separation technologies
    • Renal replacement therapy

    Background:

    • Membrane plasmapheresis, introduced in 1978, provides therapeutic plasma exchange.
    • It offers advantages in speed, ease of use, and adaptability for clinical settings.
    • Its circuit resembles hemodialysis and hemofiltration, but protocols differ significantly.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness and compare membrane plasmapheresis with traditional methods.
    • To highlight key operational considerations, such as avoiding hemolysis.
    • To discuss the potential for future advancements in plasmapheresis technology.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of membrane plasmapheresis with centrifugal plasma exchange.
    • Analysis of sieving coefficients for various protein molecular weights.

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  • Assessment of clinical outcomes, including protein reduction and complications.

    • Main Results:

    • Membrane plasmapheresis is as effective as centrifugal methods in removing plasma proteins.
    • Sieving coefficients for proteins from albumin to beta-lipoprotein are unity.
    • A single plasma volume exchange reduces intravascular protein levels by 55%.

    Conclusions:

    • Membrane plasmapheresis demonstrates comparable efficacy to centrifugal methods.
    • No significant differences exist in fluid replacement, indications, or complications.
    • Future developments focus on closed-loop systems to eliminate replacement fluid needs and associated risks.