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Hypertropic cardiomyopathy and hyperthyroidism in the cat.

S K Liu, M E Peterson, P R Fox

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hyperthyroidism in cats commonly leads to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a thickening of the heart muscle. Some affected cats also develop congestive heart failure, indicating a significant link between the two conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Cardiology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in cats.
    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary heart disease in cats.
    • The association between hyperthyroidism and HCM requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in hyperthyroid cats.
    • To investigate cardiac changes in cats with hyperthyroidism.
    • To differentiate HCM associated with hyperthyroidism from primary cardiac diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Necropsy examination of 23 cats with hyperthyroidism.
    • Comparison of body weight and heart weight to body weight ratios with control groups.
    • Histopathological evaluation of cardiac tissue.

    Main Results:

    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was found in 23 hyperthyroid cats.
    • 17% of these cats exhibited signs of cardiac failure.
    • Hyperthyroid cats with HCM had significantly lower body weight and higher heart weight to body weight ratios compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a common finding in hyperthyroid cats.
    • Congestive heart failure can develop secondary to hyperthyroidism-induced HCM.
    • Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism should prompt suspicion of associated cardiac disease.

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