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Casomorphins reduce separation distress in chicks.

J Panksepp, L Normansell, S Siviy

    Peptides
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Various chain length casomorphins (CM) effectively reduced distress vocalizations (DVs) in chicks. Casomorphin-5 showed the most potency, with effects lasting about 30 minutes and partially blocked by naloxone.

    Area of Science:

    • Animal behavior
    • Neuropharmacology
    • Opioid peptides

    Background:

    • Separation distress vocalizations (DVs) are a common indicator of negative emotional states in young animals.
    • Opioid systems are implicated in modulating social behavior and stress responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of intraventricularly administered casomorphins (CMs) on separation-induced distress vocalizations (DVs) in young domestic chicks.
    • To compare the potency and duration of action of different chain lengths of casomorphins (CM-4, CM-5, CM-7).
    • To examine the role of opioid receptors in mediating the effects of casomorphins by using naloxone as an antagonist.

    Main Methods:

    • Intraventricular administration of casomorphins (CM-4, CM-5, CM-7) at a dose of 50 nanomoles to young domestic chicks.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement and quantification of separation-induced distress vocalizations (DVs).
  • Administration of naloxone (1 mg/kg) to assess antagonism of casomorphin effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Intraventricular casomorphins reliably reduced separation-induced distress vocalizations in chicks.
    • Casomorphin-5 (CM-5) was found to be more potent than CM-4 and CM-7 at the tested dose.
    • The duration of action for all tested casomorphins was approximately 30 minutes, with CM-7 exhibiting a slightly longer effect.
    • Naloxone partially antagonized the suppressive effect of casomorphins on distress vocalizations.

    Conclusions:

    • Casomorphins, particularly CM-5, are effective in reducing distress vocalizations in young chicks, suggesting a role for endogenous opioid systems in modulating these behaviors.
    • The findings indicate that casomorphins act via opioid receptors, as evidenced by the partial antagonism by naloxone.
    • This study provides insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying social distress and the potential therapeutic applications of casomorphin-related peptides.