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Metagonimiasis in Korea.

S Y Cho, S Y Kang, J B Lee

    Arzneimittel-Forschung
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Metagonimiasis, a significant intestinal trematode infection in Korea, affects over 450,000 people. Infection severity and duration influence symptoms, with raw fish consumption being a primary transmission route.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Parasitology
    • Public Health
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Metagonimiasis is a major intestinal trematode infection in Korea, impacting public health significantly.
    • A 1981 nationwide survey revealed at least 450,000 infected individuals (1.2%), with endemic areas showing over 20% village infection rates.
    • The parasite Metagonimus yokogawai utilizes Semisulcospira spp. or Koreanomelania spp. as snail hosts and sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis) or cyprinid fish as intermediate hosts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the public health significance of metagonimiasis in Korea.
    • To understand the transmission dynamics, including snail and fish hosts, and animal reservoirs.
    • To characterize the clinical manifestations and pathological changes associated with Metagonimus yokogawai infection.

    Main Methods:

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    • Nationwide epidemiological survey in 1981 to determine infection prevalence and distribution.
    • Identification of snail and fish hosts involved in the parasite's life cycle.
    • Experimental infection studies in cats and dogs to observe parasite development and host response.
    • Histopathological examination of intestinal mucosa in experimentally infected animals to assess tissue damage.

    Main Results:

    • Metagonimiasis is prevalent along southern and eastern coastal rivers, with sweetfish being a key source of human infection.
    • Naturally infected dogs, cats, and rats were identified in endemic areas.
    • Experimental infections revealed juvenile worms in the jejunum, followed by adult worms in the intervillous space, causing enterocyte destruction.
    • Heavy infections led to significant mucosal damage, including villi fusion, shortening, crypt hypertrophy, goblet cell depletion, inflammation, and microvilli shortening.

    Conclusions:

    • Metagonimiasis poses a substantial public health challenge in Korea, primarily transmitted through the consumption of raw fish, especially sweetfish.
    • The intensity and duration of infection are critical factors determining the severity of clinical symptoms.
    • Pathological changes in the intestinal mucosa are observed but show signs of regression within four weeks, even with persistent adult worms.