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Stress fractures caused by physical exercise.

S Orava, J Puranen, L Ala-Ketola

    Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica
    |February 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study analyzed 142 sports-related stress fractures, finding distance runners and athletes altering training most susceptible. Most fractures occurred in the tibia and metatarsals, treated with a 4-6 week training pause.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Orthopedics
    • Exercise Physiology

    Background:

    • Stress fractures are common injuries in athletes and physically active individuals.
    • Understanding the incidence, affected populations, and anatomical locations is crucial for prevention and treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a series of stress fractures resulting from sporting activities and physical exercise.
    • To identify the sports and activities most commonly associated with stress fractures.
    • To detail the anatomical distribution of these fractures.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case series analysis of 142 stress fractures.
    • Categorization of fractures by sport/activity, athlete type (competitive vs. non-competitive), and anatomical location.

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  • Review of treatment protocols, primarily rest periods.

    • Main Results:

    • 142 stress fractures were identified, predominantly in athletes (121) versus non-competitive sportsmen (21).
    • Distance runners accounted for the highest number of fractures (68), followed by skiers (12) and sprinters (10).
    • The tibia (76) and metatarsal bones (26) were the most frequently affected sites; running and jumping exercises were the primary causes.

    Conclusions:

    • Distance running and activities involving jumping pose a significant risk for stress fractures.
    • Athletes undergoing training modifications or nearing competition are particularly vulnerable.
    • A training cessation of 4-6 weeks is the typical treatment approach for these injuries.