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Radiological abnormalities in electric-arc welders.

M D Attfield, D S Ross

    British Journal of Industrial Medicine
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A study of 661 British electric-arc welders found that 7% showed signs of simple pneumoconiosis. Increased years of fume exposure correlated with higher prevalence of small rounded opacities.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Medicine
    • Radiology
    • Pulmonary Medicine

    Background:

    • Electric-arc welding produces fumes that may pose respiratory risks.
    • Pneumoconiosis, a lung disease caused by dust inhalation, is a concern in welders.
    • Previous studies indicate a potential link between welding and respiratory abnormalities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the prevalence of pneumoconiosis in British electric-arc welders.
    • To investigate the relationship between welding fume exposure duration and radiographic findings.
    • To identify other chest abnormalities in this occupational group.

    Main Methods:

    • Chest radiographs of 661 British electric-arc welders were reviewed.
    • Three experienced film readers assessed the radiographs for signs of pneumoconiosis (small and large opacities).

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  • Data on years of exposure to welding fumes were collected and analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 7% of welders exhibited small rounded opacities (category 0/1 or greater), indicative of simple pneumoconiosis.
    • No definite cases of large opacities (Progressive Massive Fibrosis) were identified.
    • A significant association was found between the duration of fume exposure and the prevalence of small rounded opacities.

    Conclusions:

    • Electric-arc welders show a notable prevalence of simple pneumoconiosis, particularly small rounded opacities.
    • Occupational exposure to welding fumes is clearly associated with an increased risk of developing these radiographic changes.
    • While severe pneumoconiosis was not observed, the findings underscore the importance of monitoring respiratory health in welders.