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Related Experiment Videos

Occlusal forces in normal- and long-face children.

W R Proffit, H W Fields

    Journal of Dental Research
    |May 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Children with long faces have similar biting forces to normal-faced peers. However, these forces are lower than in adults, suggesting underdeveloped jaw muscles in long-faced children.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Craniofacial Biology
    • Dental Research

    Background:

    • Facial morphology, specifically the 'long face' pattern, is associated with altered biomechanics.
    • Understanding occlusal forces in children is crucial for assessing craniofacial development.
    • Previous research has primarily focused on adult populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the maximal occlusal forces during swallowing, simulated chewing, and hard biting in children with normal and long facial patterns.
    • To investigate the developmental trajectory of occlusal forces by comparing children to adults.
    • To explore potential differences in mandibular elevator muscle strength related to facial patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants: Children aged 6-11 years, categorized into normal- and long-face groups.
    • Measurements: Occlusal force measurements during swallowing, simulated chewing, and hard biting.
    • Comparative analysis: Forces compared between facial types and age groups (children vs. adults).

    Main Results:

    • Occlusal forces during swallowing, simulated chewing, and hard biting were similar between normal- and long-face children.
    • Children's occlusal forces were approximately half those of normal-faced adults.
    • Long-face children exhibited similar force levels to long-face adults, but significantly lower than normal-faced adults.

    Conclusions:

    • The long-face pattern in children is not associated with reduced occlusal forces compared to normal-faced children.
    • Children, particularly those with long faces, exhibit significantly lower occlusal forces than normal adults.
    • This suggests a potential deficit in the normal development of mandibular elevator muscle strength in individuals with the long-face pattern.

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