A twenty-year evaluation of subperiosteal implants

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Vitallium subperiosteal mandibular implants were utilized extensively between 1955 and 1975.
• Long-term outcomes and patient experiences with these implants require comprehensive evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To reevaluate Vitallium subperiosteal mandibular implants placed at UMKC (University of Missouri–Kansas City) from 1955 to 1975.
• To assess implant success, longevity, complications, and patient satisfaction from objective and subjective perspectives.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of all Vitallium subperiosteal mandibular implants placed at UMKC between 1955 and 1975.
• Evaluation based on four objective and subjective criteria, including longevity, inflammation, surgical interventions, neurological effects, and patient satisfaction.

Main Results:

• Implants surpassed 5- and 10-year longevity standards set by the Harvard Conference on Dental Implants.
• Acute inflammation was prevalent; surgical modification of implant frameworks improved longevity.
• Approximately 50% of patients experienced unilateral anesthesia or paresthesia, which did not deter success.
• All but one implant were successful to some degree, with absolute patient satisfaction reported.

Conclusions:

• Vitallium subperiosteal mandibular implants offer significant long-term success and high patient satisfaction.
• Periodic patient recall and timely surgical intervention are crucial for optimizing implant outcomes.
• Neurological side effects, while common, do not necessarily compromise the overall success or patient acceptance of these implants.