Estrogen sulfotransferase activity in guinea pig uterus and chorion

An estrogen sulfotransferase (ST) is detectable in high speed supernatants of pregnant guinea-pig uterus and shows maximum activity between about 47 and 55 days of gestation, with a decrease toward term. No appreciable activity was apparent in the non-pregnant state or before at least 43 days of pregnancy. A considerably higher ST activity is present in chorion as early as 30 days of gestation, and this also decreases toward term. The two ST's exhibit similar KM (0.1-0.13 microM with estrone as substrate) and pI (5.8) values, as well as similar specificities. Estradiol-17 beta and estriol are sulfurylated 82 and 6% that of estrone at equimolar concn. Neither p-nitrophenol nor several neutral steroids are substrates for the enzymes. Enzyme activity is poorly expressed in the absence of thiol groups, the presence of monothioglycerol stimulating uterine and chorion enzymes by 5- and 15-fold, respectively. Stimulation is also observed in the presence of Mg2+, Ca2+ or Mn2+. Chromatofocusing on a poly buffer ion-exchanger from pH 7.4 to 4.0 resulted in elution of a sharp peak of enzyme activity, at pH = 5.8, from both tissues provided that the eluting buffer contained thiol groups and 0.25 M sucrose. This single step resulted in at least a 35- to 100-fold increase in specific activity. The partially purified enzyme from chorion exhibited a KM for estrone of 0.13 microM.